The Texas probate process is governed by the Texas Estates Code. Here is a general overview of how a typical probate proceeding unfolds in Walker County or Montgomery County:
Filing the Application
The executor named in the will (or a prospective administrator if there is no will) files an application to probate the will or administer the estate in the county court of the county where the deceased resided at the time of death.
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Citation and Notice
The court issues a citation that is posted at the courthouse for a mandatory waiting period. Notice may also need to be given to certain interested persons.
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Hearing and Appointment
A hearing is held at which the court admits the will to probate (or finds that heirship must be determined), qualifies the personal representative, and issues letters testamentary or letters of administration.
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Inventory and Appraisement
The personal representative files an inventory, appraisement, and list of claims identifying all estate assets and their fair market value — typically within 90 days of appointment.
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Creditor Claims
The personal representative publishes notice to creditors. Creditors have a set period to present claims, which the representative must either allow or reject. Valid debts are paid from estate funds.
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Asset Management and Distribution
In an independent administration, the representative manages and liquidates estate assets, pays expenses and taxes, and distributes what remains to the beneficiaries — all without returning to court for each decision.
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Closing the Estate
The estate is closed by filing an affidavit of closing or, in some cases, a final account with the court. Once closed, the personal representative's authority ends.